See kosp on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "cuffs"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cuf"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cuff"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "cospe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "cuffs"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cuf"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cuff"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "cops"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "cosp"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "cuffs"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cuf"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cuff"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "cospe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "cuffs"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cuf"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cuff"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "cops"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "cops"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "lithocosp"
},
{
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "lithokosp"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "*kosp"
},
{
"lang": "Late Latin",
"lang_code": "la-lat",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cuspus"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gkm",
"3": "κοῦσπα",
"t": "fetter"
},
"expansion": "Byzantine Greek κοῦσπα (koûspa, “fetter”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown; possibly borrowed from Byzantine Greek κοῦσπα (koûspa, “fetter”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kosp",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kospa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kospōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kosp",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kospa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kospā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kospas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kospō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kospē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kospum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kospu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kospum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*kosp m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kosp",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "cyspan"
},
{
"word": "kuspijan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "cospian"
},
{
"word": "kospōn"
}
],
"glosses": [
"fetter"
],
"id": "en-kosp-gmw-pro-noun-X8r69dhq",
"links": [
[
"fetter",
"fetter"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kosp"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "cyspan"
},
{
"word": "kuspijan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "cospian"
},
{
"word": "kospōn"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "cuffs"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cuf"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cuff"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "cospe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "cuffs"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cuf"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cuff"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "cops"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "cosp"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "cuffs"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cuf"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cuff"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "cospe"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "cuffs"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cuf"
},
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "cuff"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"word": "cops"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "cops"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "lithocosp"
},
{
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "lithokosp"
}
],
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "*kosp"
},
{
"lang": "Late Latin",
"lang_code": "la-lat",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "cuspus"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gkm",
"3": "κοῦσπα",
"t": "fetter"
},
"expansion": "Byzantine Greek κοῦσπα (koûspa, “fetter”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown; possibly borrowed from Byzantine Greek κοῦσπα (koûspa, “fetter”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-noun-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "Masculine a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kosp",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kospa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kospōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kosp",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kospa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kospā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kospas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kospō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kospē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kospum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kospu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kospum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*kosp m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"name": "gmw-infl-noun-a"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kosp",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine a-stem nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic nouns",
"Proto-West Germanic terms borrowed from Byzantine Greek",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Byzantine Greek",
"Proto-West Germanic terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"glosses": [
"fetter"
],
"links": [
[
"fetter",
"fetter"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kosp"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kosp meaning in All languages combined (4.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.